Clock with automatic calendar



March 9, 1937. I B ELBERG 2,073,275

CLOCK WITH AUTOMATIC CALENDAR Filed Dec. 15, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet l Fig.1

- FRIDAY Fig.2 Fig.3

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QQQOOQQUXQMN CAN- March 9, 1937. B. ELBERG I 2,073,275

CLOCK WITH AUTOMATIC CALENDAR Filed Dec. "15, .1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 2Fig.4 2s

B. ELBERG CLOCK WITH AUTOMATIC CALENDAR March 9, 193 7.

5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 15, ""1952 wEDNE p 5 JANUARY March 9, 1937.3 ELBERG 2,073,275

CLOCK WITH AUTOMATIC CALENDAR Filed Dec. 15, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet! Fig/l0Fig.

March 9, 1937. v ELBER-G 2,073,275

CLOCK WITH AUTOMATIC CALENDAR Patented Mar. 9, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE Application December 15, 1932, Serial No. 647,384

In France November 28, 1932 i 19 Claims.

The present invention relates to clocks with automatic calendars.

One object of the present invention is to provide a clock with anautomatic calendar, includ- 5 ing a calendar-mechanism actuated by themovement of the clock for automatic indication of the date, of the monthand, if desirable, of the day of the week, this mechanism being combinedwith a mechanism of manual change of the des- 10 ignation of the monthand of manual adjustment of the date. By this arrangement is realized animproved visibility, which was not attained hitherto, the manualadjustment of the date being preferably effected the last day of eachmonth 15 in the same time as the manual change of the month.

The mechanism of the automatic calendar according to the presentinvention is characterized by an automaticity of movement during subse-20 quent periods of 31 days maximum, each monthly adjustment assuringthe calendar automaticity for all the duration of the following month,so that during the period of a civil year, 12 manual adjustments arerequired.

25 Another object of the present invention is to provide a mechanism ofautomatic indication of the date by means of two roller-indicators, oneforming a roller of units and the other forming a roller of tens, theessential feature of the mech- 30 anism consisting in a cycle ofcontinuous counting, from to 39. This mechanism is combined with adevice of manual monthly adjustment, by means of which, according to themonth of the year, the figures from 1 to 31 are automatically actuatedby the movement of the clock to indicate automatically the date.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a mechanism forthe automatic indication of the date, consisting of a roller of unitsfor the 40 figures l, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and a roller of tens,consisting in 8 divisions having two series of figures 1, 2, 3 and twofree spots, the roller of units being rigidly secured, while the rollerof the tens is loosely mounted on a common shaft.

45 A further object of the present invention is to provide two rollersfor the indication of the date, the said rollers being closely mountedon a com mon shaft, one relative to the other without interposition ofany intermediate control member b ;g tween these rollers. Thisarrangement enables to present both figures of the date without anyspace therebetween before a single aperture for reading.

Another object of the present invention is to 55 provide a mechanism forautomatic indication of the day of the week, provided with a rollerbearing the seven designations of the days of the week.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a mechanism forautomatic indication of the date and of the day of the week, consistingin a friction-clutch to enable an immediate adjustment of the date andof the day of the week in both directions without opposing anyresistance to the movement of the clock during 10 the adjustment.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a progressiverotation of the rollers for the indication of the date and, ifdesirable, of the day of the week, during the automatic variation of therespective calendar-designations, the said rotation being eifected witha constant speed.

Further objects and features of my invention, including desirableparticular constructions and combinations of parts will be apparent fromthe following detailed description taken in connection with thedisclosure of the drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a general aspect of a clock with an automatic calendar,consisting in a roller for the designation of the days of the week,another roller for the indication of the units of the date and in athird roller for the indication of the tens, all these three rollersbeing activated by the clock movement while another manually operatedindicator is provided for the indication of the months.

Fig. 2 shows the arrangement of the figures on the rollers for thedesignation of the date, the said figure showing the evolutions of thecylindrical peripheries.

On the roller for the indication of the tens there are provided 8divisions, having 6 figures, two divisions being left free.

Fig. 3 is a view in section on the line 3--3 of Fig. 1 showing thearrangement of the automatic actuation mechanism and the disposition ofthe roller-indicators before the apertures for reading provided in thedial.

Fig. 4 is a view in section on line 4-4 of Fig. 3, showing the mechanismfor actuation of the two rollers for the indication of the date and ofthe roller for the indication of the day of the week.

Fig. 5 is a view showing separately the members of the automaticmechanism of actuation.

Fig. 6 shows a clock with automatic calendar, consisting in a roller forthe indication of the units of the date,- in another roller for theindication of the tens of the date, this mechanism being combined with aslide comprising movable leaves bearing the designation of the months,the

manual change of the monthly leaf preferably taking place simultaneouslywith the manual monthly adjustment of the date.

Fig. 7 is a view of the movable slide of Fig. 6 sliding in a guidesecured behind an aperture provided in the dial.

Fig. 8 shows a mechanism for the automatic indication of the datecomprising a roller for the units and another roller for the indicationof the months, the indication of the months being affected by means of ahorizontal strip.

Fig. 9 shows an embodiment of the present invention in which all therollers are mounted on a common shaft.

Fig. 10 shows another arrangement of the figures on the roller for theindication of the date, comprising two series of fig s 3 p d by an arrowindicating the direction of adjustment.

Fig. 11 shows an automatic mechanism for the indication of the date,comprising a roller for the indication of the units of the date, anotheradjacent roller indicating the tens of the date, the said rollers beingactuated by the movement of the clock, while the indication of themonths is manually effected by means of a toothed wheel bearing thedesignations of the months, this toothed wheel being preferably adjustedeach month in the same time when is effected the adjustment of themonth.

Fig, 12 shows a mechanism for the automatic indication of the date bymeans of a toothed wheel bearing the dates 1 to 31 and actuated by themovement of the clock which effects every 24 hours a rotation of thetoothed Wheel of l/31 of revolution, the designation of the month beingeffected by means of movable leaves sliding in a guide.

Fig. 13 shows a section of an embodiment similar to that of Fig. 9 inwhich the indicating rollers are mounted on a common shaft.

With reference to Fig. l the mechanism of the automatic calendar isarranged between two plates l and 2 and is actuated by a clock-mechanism3.

A driving disk 4 (Fig. 4) integrally formed with a toothed wheel 5 andloosely mounted on the shaft 6 bearing the rollers for the indication ofthe date is driven by the clock mechanism at a constant speed onerevolution being effected in 24 hours.

The disk 4 has a slot forming a single hollow tooth with two cylindricalpins fixed on the said disk and situated on both sides of the entranceof the slot.

A suitable toothed wheel connection is provided, as shown in detail onFig. 4, to actuate the disk 4. The said connection comprises: two bevelwheels 18 meshing with the tooth-wheel 9 driving the hands of the clock,and a transmis sion shaft l solid with the bevel wheel 8.

This transmission shaft ID is solid with a pinion ll, meshing with thetoothed wheel solid with the washer 4.

A pinion I2 is provided with 8 teeth, four of which are shorter than theother four, each short tooth being arranged between two long teeth ofthe said pinion. This pimon is loosely mounted on the shaft l3, which isparallel to the shaft 6.

The disk 4 engaged with the pinion 12 on a depth left free by a shorttooth of the said pinion can rotate freely during the whole day betweentwo long teeth of this pinion. The arrangement of these actuationmembers is shown on Fig. 5.

On a common plane of these 8 teeth the pinion meshes with a wheel [4provided with twenty teeth and mounted on shaft 6 which is rigidlyconnected with the roller l5 for the indication of the units of thedate, the said wheel I4 being connected with the said shaft by means ofa spring clutch I6.

Every 24 hours, preferably after midnight, the disk 4 produces arotation of a quarter of a revolution of the pinion l2 and the wheel [4provided with twenty teeth and meshing with the latter effectsconsequently a rotation of: 8/20=% of revolution and when this rotationis finished the pinion and the wheel stop again for a day in theirposition.

During this rotation the roller 15 for the indication of the units ofthe date which is constantly engaged with the wheel 14 by means of thespring clutch [6, effects likewise a rotation of of revolution and ismaintained immovable so as to bring the following respective figure ofthe units of the date before the aperture for reading.

By means of this mechanism the shaft 6 effects a complete revolution indays. At the end of the days corresponding to the 9th, 19th and 29th ofeach month a second disk I! identical to the disk 4 and secured on theshaft 6 effects a rotation of a quarter of revolution of a second pinioni8, identical with the pinion l2 and rotating freely on the shaft 13.

This second pinion I8 is solid with a pinion l9, meshing with a toothedwheel 20 solid with the roller of the tens 2|, this roller exertingconsequently during this rotation A of revolution and becomes immovableat the end of the days above referred to, indicating the followingfigure of tens before the aperture for reading and the figure 0 on theroller of units so as to automatically form the designation of 10, 20,and 30. The roller of the tens 2|, Fig. 2, can be divided into 8divisions comprising two serie of figures 1, 2, 3, two divisions beinglet free. Said roller effects of revolution at the change of the tens ofthe date.

The roller of the tens 2!, as shown in Fig. 10, can also comprise tendivisions with two series of figures l, 2, 3, two free spots and twoarrows to indicate the direction of adjustment. Said roller effects ofrevolution to form the designation of 10, 20, and 30.

At the end of the day 30, for the months having 31 days, the roller forthe indication of the units of the date is brought to immobility beforethe aperture for reading, the figure 1 being before the figure 3 of theroller of the tens so as to form automatically the indication of thedate 31.

At the end of each month, preferably in the evening, a monthlyadjustment of the date is effected manually by a single completerevolution of the adjustment-button 22 solid with the shaft, on whichare mounted the rollers, this adjustment bringing the figure 0 of theunits and the free place of the tens before the aperture for reading.

After every monthly adjustment the mechanism indicates automatically thedate 1 and likewise all the following dates of the month.

It will be seen from the foregoing, that this mechanism of automaticindication of the date comprises a continuous and renewable cycle ofcounting from 1 till 39 in combination with a device of manualadjustment by means of which according to the month of the year only thefigures from 1 to 31 are activated by the clock movement toautomatically indicate the date.

A roller 23, bearing the seven designations of the days of the week ismounted on a shaft 24, arranged in parallel to the shaft supporting therollers of the date.

A disk with one hollow tooth 25, identical to the disk 4 and rotatingfreely on the shaft 24 is driven by the movement of the clock, with aconstant speed of one revolution in 24 hours, this rotation beingeffected by the pinion 26, mounted on the transmission shaft 8 andmeshing with a toothed wheel 21, solid with the disk 25.

Every 24 hours, preferably after midnight, and simultaneously with thechange of the date, the disk 25 effects a rotation for a quarter of arevolution of the pinion 28, solid with a pinion 29, which meshes in therotation 4:7 with a toothed wheel'30, mounted on the shaft 24 andconnected with the latter by means of a springclutch 3!.

During this rotation the roller 23 for the indication of the days of theweek efiects a rotation of /'z= /-z of revolution" so as to provide theautomatic indication of the day of the week.

During the period of automatic simultaneous change of the date and ofthe designation of the day each disk with a hollow tooth, forming a partof the control-mechanism, effects a rotation of one tenth of arevolution, and rotating with a speed of one revolution in 24 hours, theperiod of automatic change is consequently 2.4 hours, i. e. 2 hours and24 minutes.

It results from the foregoing, that the automatic change of the date andof the designation of the day is effected progressively at a constantspeed by means of a series of free gears not requiring from the clockmechanism any supplementary force so as to permit the utilization of theexisting clock movement.

The initial adjustment of the roller for the indication of the days ofthe week is effected by means of an adjustment button 32 solid with theshaft 24.

It results from the foregoing, that the springclutch devices forming apart of the mechanism for the automatic control of the date and of themechanism for the automatic indication of the days of the Week providean independent adjustment of the date and of the designation of the day.This adjustment can be efiected in two directions without opposing anyresistance to the working of the clock.

The mechanism for automatic indication of the date and of the day of theweek can be combined with a roller for the indication of the months 33(Figure 1), rigidly secured on the shaft 34, this roller being manuallyadjusted by means of an adjustment button 35, preferably at the sametime as the monthly adjustment of the date.

On Fig. 9 a second pinion I 8, provided with eight teeth meshes directlywith a wheel 39 provided with twenty teeth and solid with the roller 2ifor indication of the tens of the date, this roller effecting during thechange of the figure of the tens a rotation of th of revolution andcomprises an arrangement of figures as shown on Fig. 10. I

On the Fig. 9 the roller 23 for the indication of the days of the weekis activated by a toothed wheel 46, connected by means of aspring-clutch M with the shaft 6 of theroller for the indication of theunits, this wheel meshing in a ratio 10:? by means of the intermediarywheels 42 and 43 with a wheel 44 connected by a spring-clutch with theroller for the indication of the days of the week.

The adjustment of the roller 33 for the indication of the months isefiected by means of a button 35 solid with a pinion 45 meshing with atoothed member solid with this roller indicator.

A supplementary disk with one hollow tooth and a supplementary pinionwith eight teeth according to Fig. 5 can, if desirable, be added to thecontrol-mechanism, this supplementary disk rotating ten times quicker toincrease in ten times the speed of the changing of the date.

The rollers for the indication of the date can also be shaped as planewheels.

The toothed wheel for the indication of the date 46, which eifects every24 hours a rotation of 1/31 of revolution, as shown on Fig. 12, can becombined with the devices of manual change of the month according toFigures 1, 9, and 11.

The devices of manual change of the month according to Figures 6, 7, 8have the advantage to bring together the aperture for reading of thedate and of the designation of the month so as to increase thevisibility in a limited space.

In the embodiment of the Figure 13 a clearance is provided between therollers for the indication of the date 15-21 on the one hand, and theday roller 23 and month roller 33 on the other hand, so that the toothedwheels forming part of the transmission actuated by the clock mechanismare arranged between said rollers. Besides the adjustment members 22, 2232, and 35 solid with the rollers are formed as milled wheels. Theclutch spring means formed as coiled springs I6, I6 and 4| areassociated with loosely mounted pinions I9, I9 and 29 so that bymanually rotating a milled wheel to adjust an indicating roller therespective pinion connected with said roller rotates against theresistance of the spring clutch associated with this pinion.

I claim:

1. In a clock with automatic calendar a member for the indication of theunits of the date rigidly secured on a shaft and actuated by a disk witha hollow tooth driven by the clock mechanism to make one revolution in24 hours, a pinion having eight teeth meshing with the said disk, awheel provided with 20 teeth meshing with the said pinion and adapted tobe driven with a constant speed to effect the change of the date; aspring clutch connecting the said toothed wheel with the said member forindication of the units of the date, a member for the indication of thetens'of the date loosely mounted on said shaft and actuated by means ofanother disk with a hollow tooth rigidly secured on said shaft, andanother pinion having eight teeth meshing with said disk named in secondplace and drivingly connected to the member for the indication of thetens of the date.

2. In a clock with automatic calendar a member for the indication of theunits of the date rigidly secured on a shaft and actuated by a disk witha hollow tooth driven by the clock mecha nism to make one revolution in24 hours, a toothed wheel drivingly connected to said disk to make each24 hours with a constant speed of revolu tion, a spring clutchconnecting the said toothed wheel with the member for the indication ofthe units of the date, an adjustment button solid with said shaft, amember for the indication of the tens of the date loosely mounted on thesaid shaft and actuated by means of another disk with a hollow toothrigidly secured on the said shaft, and another pinion meshing with saiddisk named in second place and drivingly connected to the member for theindication of the tens of the date.

3. In a clock with automatic calendar a roller for the indication of theunits of the date, another roller for the indication of the tens of thedate, and a transmission actuated by the clock mechanism for effectingwith constant speed a progressive change of the date indicated by saidrollers.

4. In a clock with automatic calendar a roller for the indication of theunits of the date, another roller for the indication of the tens of thedate, a transmission actuated by the clock mechanism for effecting withconstant speed a progressive change of the date indicated by saidrollers, and spring clutch means in said transmission for enabling theadjustment of said rollers.

5. In a clock with automatic calendar according to claim 4 a roller forthe indication of the day of the week actuated by a disk with a hollowtooth driven by the clock mechanism to make one revolution in 24 hoursand a toothed wheel drivingly connected to said disk to effect each 24hours with a constant speed /7 of revolution.

6. In a clock with automatic calendar one member for the indication ofthe units of the date, another member for the indication of the tens ofthe date, another member for the indication of the days of the week, atransmission actuated by the clock mechanism for automatic control ofsaid members, spring means enabling the adjustment of said members, anda manually adjustable member for the indication of the month, all saidmembers being mounted on a common shaft.

7. In a mechanism of the class described the combination of a member forthe indication of the units of the date rigidly secured on a shaft andactuated by a disk having meshing means embodied therein and driven bythe clock mechanism to make one revolution in 24 hours, a pinion havinglong and short teeth adapted to be actuated by said disk to be drivenwith a constant speed to effect the change of the date, spring clutchmeans in the transmission means actuating the said member for enablingthe adjustment of the date indications, a member for the indication ofthe tens of the date loosely mounted on said shaft and actuated by meansof another disk having meshing means embodied therein and rigidlysecured on said shaft, and another pinion having long and short teethadapted to mesh with said disk named in second place and drivinglyconnected to the member for the indication of the tens of the date.

8. In a mechanism of the class described the combination of a diskhaving meshing means embodied therein and driven by the clock mechanism,a driving member cooperaing with said disk and drivingly connected witha member for the indication of the units of the date rigidly secured ona shaft to normally keep said member immovable and to rotate the lattereach 24 hours of revolution, a member for the indication of the tens ofthe date loosely mounted on said shaft and operatively connected withthe member for the indication of the units of the date through theintermediary of a disk having meshing means embodied therein, rigidlysecured on said shaft, and cooperating with a driving membersecured on ashaft parallel with the first named shaft to normally keep immovablesaid member for indication of the tens of the date and rotate the lattereach 10 days, and spring clutch means in the transmission meansactuating the said date indicatingmembers for enabling the adjustment ofthe date.

9. In a clock with automatic calendar a member for the indication of theunits of the date rigidly secured on a shaft and actuated by a diskhaving meshing means embodied therein, a driving memberoperativelyconnected with said disk to make each 24 hours with aconstant speed of revolution, a member for the indication of the tens ofthe date loosely mounted on the said shaft and actuated by means ofanother disk having meshing means embodied therein and rigidly securedon the said shaft, another driving member meshing with the said disknamed in second place and drivingly connected with the member for theindication of the tens of the date, and spring clutch means in thetransmission means actuating the said date indicating members forenabling the adjustment of the date.

10. In a clock with automatic calendar one member for the indication ofthe units of the date, another member for the indication of the tens ofthe date, said date indicating members being mounted on one shaft,another member for the indication of the days of the week mounted on ashaft parallel to the first named shaft, a transmission actuated by theclock mechanism for automatic control with constant speed of saidmembers, spring means in the said transmission for enabling theadjustment of said members, and a manually operable means for theindication of the month.

11. In a mechanism of the class described the combination of a memberfor the indication of the units of the date, another member for theindication of the tens of the date, a transmission actuated by the clockmechanism adapted to normally keep immovable said date indicatingmembers and to effect with a constant speed a progressive change of thedate indicated by said members, and spring clutch means in the saidtransmission for enabling the adjustment of said members.

12. In a mechanism of the class described according to claim 11 a memberfor the indication of the day of the week drivingly connected with thetransmission actuated by the clock mechanism to effect each 24 hourswith a constant speed /7 of revolution, spring clutch means in the saidtransmission for enabling the adjustment of the said day indicatingmember, and an adjustment means solid with the said day indicatingmember.

13. In a clock with automatic calendar a member for the indication ofthe units of the date, a member for the indication of the tens of thedate, a transmission actuated by the clock mechanism for automaticcontrol with a constant speed of said members and including a drivingmember loosely mounted on a transmission shaft, clutch means forming ayielding connection between said driving member and said shaft, andmanually operable member for the indication of the month.

l LIn a mechanism of the class described a member for the indication ofthe units of the date, a member for the indication of the tens of thedate, a member for the indication of the day of the week, a shaftcarrying said members, a transmission actuated by the clock mechanismfor automatic control of said members, a manually operable member forthe indication of the month mounted on the said shaft, a driving memberforming part of said transmission loosely mounted on a shaft parallel tothe first named shaft, and spring clutch means forming a yieldingconnection between the second named shaft and the driving member.

15. In a clock with automatic calendar a member for the indication ofthe units of the date, a member for the indication of the tens of thedate, a transmission actuated by the clock mechanism for automaticcontrol of the said members, sp-ring clutch means in the saidtransmission forming a yielding driving connection normally allowing theactuation of the said transmission by the clock mechanism and enabling amanual adjustment of the date.

16. In a clock with automatic calendar a member for the indication ofthe units of the date, a member for the indication of the tens of thedate, a transmission actuated by the clock mechanism for automaticcontrol of the said members, spring clutch means in the saidtransmission forming a yielding driving connection normally allowing theactuation of the said transmission by the clock mechanism and manuallyoperated adjustment means allowing to overcome the resistance of thesaid yielding connection.

1'7. In a clock with automatic calendar according to claim 16 a manuallyoperated member for the indication of the month.

18. In a clock with automatic calendar a member for the indication ofthe units of the date, a member for the indication of the tens of thedate mounted on one shaft, a member for the indication of the day of theWeek mounted on a shaft parallel to the first shaft, a transmissionactuated by the clock mechanism for automatic control of the saidmembers, spring clutch means in the said transmission forming a yieldingdriving connection normally allowing the actuation of said transmissionby the clock mechanism and manually operated adjustment means allowingto overcome the resistance of said yielding connection for adjustingsaid indicating members.

19. In a mechanism of the class described a member for the indication ofthe units of the date, a member for the indication of the tens of thedate, a transmission actuated by the clock mechanism for automaticcontrol of said members and including a yielding driving connectionthrough which are operated the said members, said yielding connectionbeing adapted to be disconnected to enable the adjustment of the saidmembers.

BORIS ELBERG.

